The University of Akron
Video Examples

Back to Best Teaching Practices

Scientific Literacy

This topic gained spotlight with the American Association for the Advancement of Science's publication of Science for All Americans in 1989. AAAS's Project 2061 defined the term to include significant science facts and principles, characteristics of science, interactions of science and society, and applications of science to everyday life, which must be possessed by responsible citizens in today's world. The goal of science education should be to prepare scientifically literate students who can use science to improve their own lives, cope with an increasingly complex technological world, and make science-related decisions as responsible citizens. Knowledge of science concepts along with problem-solving and critical-thinking skills will assist students to analyze all sides of an issue and weigh the benefits/risks of possible plans of action. According to the Project 2061 panel, "The life-enhancing potential of science and technology cannot be realized unless the public in general comes to understand science, mathematics, and technology and to acquire scientific habits of mind. Without a science-literate population, the outlook for a better world is not promising."

In the Classroom
To achieve scientific literacy for all, teachers do not have to teach more content, but should teach more effectively what is essential to science literacy. In other words, curriculum should focus on a common core of learning and the habits of mind essential for science literacy. The core concepts and habits are described in detail in Project 2061 publications. Important facets of Project 2061 for consideration in planning curriculum and delivering instruction include:

  • Science, mathematics, and technology are interdependent human enterprises with strengths and limitations
  • The natural world is diverse and united
  • Scientific knowledge and ways of thinking are used to serve personal and societal purposes
  • Because there is too much knowledge for anyone to acquire in a lifetime, schools must select what to teach wisely, must concentrate on fewer topics taught in a variety of contexts, and give students deeper understandings than what they might get in a comprehensive array of topics
  • Science literacy is required of ALL students, not just those who display particular talents or interests in the subject.